{"id":532,"date":"2026-05-15T08:36:23","date_gmt":"2026-05-15T08:36:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/?p=532"},"modified":"2026-05-20T04:10:46","modified_gmt":"2026-05-20T04:10:46","slug":"how-to-maintain-industrial-reverse-osmosis-systems-a-complete-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ar\/how-to-maintain-industrial-reverse-osmosis-systems-a-complete-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ar\/industrial-reverse-osmosis-systems\/\"><strong>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a&nbsp;<\/strong><\/a>\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647. \u0633\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/industrial-Reverse-Osmosis-Systems.jpg\" alt=\"\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\" class=\"wp-image-533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/industrial-Reverse-Osmosis-Systems.jpg 960w, https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/industrial-Reverse-Osmosis-Systems-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/industrial-Reverse-Osmosis-Systems-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/industrial-Reverse-Osmosis-Systems-16x12.jpg 16w, https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/industrial-Reverse-Osmosis-Systems-600x450.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#why-does-industrial-reverse-osmosis-system-need-maintenance\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#how-to-build-an-effective-daily-monitoring-system\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#how-to-maintain-the-pre-treatment-system\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#how-to-clean-and-maintain-reverse-osmosis-membrane-components\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#which-auxiliary-staffing-needs-to-be-synchronously-maintained\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u061f<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#instrument-calibration-is-equally-important\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#how-to-diagnose-and-handle-common-faults\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#how-to-develop-a-maintenance-plan-to-ensure-the-long-term-operation-of-the-system\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u061f<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#conclusion\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"why-does-industrial-reverse-osmosis-system-need-maintenance\"><strong>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649! \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 0.0001 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 98% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644. \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 60% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629! \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 3 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 5 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-to-build-an-effective-daily-monitoring-system\"><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u061f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a! \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644:<\/strong>\u00a0\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u00b1 15%\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 -\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u2265 0.2 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 10% - \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644: \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644 4 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 3 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 5 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 $0.2 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 (SDI15) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 5 . \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 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\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/th><th>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u2265 0.07 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0644 1-3 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/td><td>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 &lt;0.1 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0644 7 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/td><td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0643\u0644 6-12 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/td><td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u2265 0.05 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644<\/td><td>\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/td><td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0643\u0644 3-6 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062a\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c<\/td><td>\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647<\/td><td>\u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 3-4 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/td><td>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0643\u0644 10-24 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a! \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0634 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a 0.5 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629: \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 10% -15%\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 3% -5%\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 15%\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062c\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 2% (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a=2-3) \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 0.2% NaOH+0.025% \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 (pH=11-12)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f 0.1% \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0632\u0627\u062a:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0644\u062d \u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 EDTA (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a=10) \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a: \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1\/2 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0634\u0637\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1.5 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u0637\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b! \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647 20% \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 95% \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 (\u2264 15 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u061b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 15 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627) \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 0.5% -1% \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"which-auxiliary-staffing-needs-to-be-synchronously-maintained\"><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u061f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0644 3 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 (\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u2264 70 \u2103)\u061b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0643\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644 6 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"instrument-calibration-is-equally-important\"><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong>&nbsp;\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u00b1 2% \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644<strong>. \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637:<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a 5%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 LSI (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 3-5 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646) \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 DBNPA) \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 20-30 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-to-diagnose-and-handle-common-faults\"><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a 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