{"id":319,"date":"2026-05-14T09:19:31","date_gmt":"2026-05-14T09:19:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/?p=319"},"modified":"2026-05-14T09:19:54","modified_gmt":"2026-05-14T09:19:54","slug":"7-etape-ale-procesului-de-desalinizare-a-apei-de-mare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/7-steps-of-sea-water-desalination-plant-process\/","title":{"rendered":"7 etape ale procesului de desalinizare a apei de mare"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Procesul instala\u021biei de desalinizare a apei de mare este de a transforma apa de mare \u00een ap\u0103 dulce. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, apa de mare (apa brut\u0103) este livrat\u0103 de pompa de admisie \u0219i trimis\u0103 \u00een&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/\"><strong>instala\u021bie de desalinizare<\/strong><\/a>. Apoi, apa brut\u0103 este pretratat\u0103 \u00eenainte de a intra \u00een sistemul SWRO, deoarece apa de mare con\u021bine multe impurit\u0103\u021bi, \u00eendeplinind cerin\u021bele privind apa de alimentare RO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/osmoza-inversa-a-apei-de-mare\/\"><strong>Instala\u021bie de desalinizare a apei s\u0103rate<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0este compus \u00een principiu din urm\u0103toarele sisteme, inclusiv sistemul de admisie, sistemul de pretratare, sistemul RO de desalinizare a apei de mare, dispozitivul de recuperare a energiei, sistemul de dozare a substan\u021belor chimice, sistemul CIP (Clean-in-place) \u0219i sistemul de control PLC. Aici vom trece \u00een revist\u0103 fiecare sistem \u00een detaliu, v\u0103 dorim s\u0103 pute\u021bi ob\u021bine ceea ce v\u0103 dori\u021bi din acest articol!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/7-Steps-of-Sea-Water-Desalination-Plant-Process-1.jpg\" alt=\"7 etape ale procesului de desalinizare a apei de mare\" class=\"wp-image-321\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/7-Steps-of-Sea-Water-Desalination-Plant-Process-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/7-Steps-of-Sea-Water-Desalination-Plant-Process-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/7-Steps-of-Sea-Water-Desalination-Plant-Process-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/7-Steps-of-Sea-Water-Desalination-Plant-Process-1-16x12.jpg 16w, https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/7-Steps-of-Sea-Water-Desalination-Plant-Process-1-600x450.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-rank-math-toc-block\" id=\"rank-math-toc\"><h2>Tabla de con\u021binut<\/h2><nav><ul><li><a href=\"#1-seawater-intake-system\">1. Sistemul de admisie a apei de mare<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#2-pre-treatment-system\">2. Sistem de pretratare<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#3-seawater-desalination-ro-system\">3. Sistem RO de desalinizare a apei de mare<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#4-energy-recovery-system\">\u00a04. Sistemul de recuperare a energiei<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#5-chemical-dosing-system\">5. Sistem de dozare a substan\u021belor chimice<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#6-cip-cleaning-system\">6. Sistem de cur\u0103\u021bare CIP<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#7-plc-controlling-system\">7. Sistem de control PLC<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"1-seawater-intake-system\"><strong>1. Sistemul de admisie a apei de mare<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aceasta\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/how-to-intake-seawater-for-desalination-plant\/\"><strong>sistem de admisie a apei de mare<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0este de a furniza ap\u0103 de mare \u00een unitatea de desalinizare. Exist\u0103 diferite tipuri de metode de captare bazate pe calitatea apei hidrologice din zona de captare, condi\u021biile geologice, datele meteorologice \u0219i dezastrele naturale, cum ar fi captarea din pu\u021buri de plaj\u0103, captarea apei subterane \u0219i captarea apei marine deschise etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/chemical-dosing-system-of-sewater-desalinaton-plant.jpg\" alt=\"instala\u021bie de desalinizare a apei de mare\" class=\"wp-image-4367\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-pre-treatment-system\"><strong>2. Sistem de pretratare<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Substan\u021bele solide anorganice \u00een suspensie, nisipul, uleiul, argila, bacteriile \u0219i materiile organice dizolvate sunt susceptibile de a murd\u0103ri membranele de osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103 (RO). Necesitatea de a efectua un proces de pretratare de bun\u0103 calitate joac\u0103 un rol important \u00een func\u021bionarea unei instala\u021bii de osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103 a apei de mare (SWRO), pentru a preveni murd\u0103rirea membranei RO.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">KYsearo instala\u021bii de desalinizare a apei de mare<\/a>&nbsp;adopt\u0103 de obicei aceste pre-filtru, inclusiv filtru multi-media, filtru activ, 10um \u0219i 5um filtre de securitate de precizie.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/cum-functioneaza-filtrul-multi-mediu\/\">V\u0103 rug\u0103m s\u0103 verifica\u021bi Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 filtrul cu medii multiple \u00een sistemele de desalinizare.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/multimedia-filter\/\"><strong>filtru multimedia<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u0219i filtrul cu c\u0103rbune activ umplute cu nisip de cuar\u021b rafinat \u0219i, respectiv, cu c\u0103rbune activ din nuci de cacao are rolul de a elimina solidele \u00een suspensie, particulele coloidale, clorul rezidual, microorganismele, mirosul \u0219i alte particule din apa brut\u0103. Coagulantul este ad\u0103ugat prin pompa de dozare \u00eenainte ca apa brut\u0103 s\u0103 intre \u00een filtrul multimedia. Apoi, floculul format de coagulant \u0219i coloizi este eliminat prin filtru, \u00eendeplinind cerin\u021bele privind apa de alimentare RO.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pentru a preveni p\u0103trunderea particulelor din apa brut\u0103 \u0219i din conducte \u00een pompa HP \u0219i \u00een modulul RO, sunt selectate dou\u0103 filtre de securitate unul dup\u0103 altul ca pre-tratament RO. Precizia celor 2 seturi de filtre este de 5?m \u0219i, respectiv, 1?m. \u00cen condi\u021bii normale de lucru, elementele de filtrare trebuie schimbate \u00een timp util atunci c\u00e2nd diferen\u021ba de presiune dintre intrarea \u0219i ie\u0219irea filtrului este mai mare de 1 bar. Structura filtrului poate permite schimbarea rapid\u0103 a elementului filtrant.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Multi-Media-Water-Filter-600x335.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6094\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-seawater-desalination-ro-system\"><strong>3. Sistem RO de desalinizare a apei de mare<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sistemul RO utilizeaz\u0103 membrana semipermeabil\u0103 pentru a \u00eendep\u0103rta materialul organic, particulele coloidale, bacteriile din apa de alimentare, produc\u00e2nd ap\u0103 dulce desalinizat\u0103. Membrana semipermeabil\u0103 separ\u0103 apa \u0219i solu\u021bia salin\u0103, apa p\u0103trunde \u00een partea cu solu\u021bia salin\u0103 sub presiunea osmotic\u0103. Dac\u0103 o anumit\u0103 presiune mai mare dec\u00e2t presiunea osmotic\u0103 este aplicat\u0103 solu\u021biei saline, apa va p\u0103trunde \u00een direc\u021bia opus\u0103. Acest fenomen se nume\u0219te osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103. Permeatul RO este purificat, elimin\u00e2nd 98% TDS din apa de alimentare. Saramura RO este concentrat\u0103 cu TDS de aproximativ dou\u0103 ori mai mare dec\u00e2t apa de alimentare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/desalination-plant-unit-600x400.jpg\" alt=\"unitatea instala\u021biei de desalinizare\" class=\"wp-image-6201\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"4-energy-recovery-system\"><strong>&nbsp;4. Sistemul de recuperare a energiei<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Func\u021bia dispozitivului de recuperare a energiei este de a reduce consumul de energie \u0219i costurile prin reciclarea \u0219i reutilizarea energiei de presiune din apa de mare concentrat\u0103 la presiune ridicat\u0103 a sistemului RO. Dispozitivul de recuperare a energiei (ERD) este cheia pentru economisirea energiei \u00een func\u021bionarea oric\u0103rui produs de desalinizare prin osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103 a apei de mare (SWRO), \u00een care dispozitivul schimb\u0103tor de presiune PX este cea mai eficient\u0103 solu\u021bie disponibil\u0103 \u00een prezent \u0219i poate reduce consumul de energie al sistemelor de osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103 a apei de mare (SWRO) cu p\u00e2n\u0103 la 60%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kysearo proiecteaz\u0103 instala\u021bii de desalinizare a apei de mare de \u00eenalt\u0103 performan\u021b\u0103 pentru 20 T\/D ~320 T\/D. Aceasta este principala noastr\u0103 linie de fabrica\u021bie de afaceri pentru utilizare final\u0103 sau agen\u021bi str\u0103ini. Aceast\u0103 scar\u0103 de tone nu are nevoie de prea mult\u0103 energie electric\u0103. Pentru a economisi costurile pentru clien\u021bi, inginerul KYsearo proiecteaz\u0103 graficul procesului f\u0103r\u0103 dispozitive de recuperare a energiei. Lu\u00e2nd \u00een considerare c\u0103 ar fi o schimbare mai convenabil\u0103 \u0219i un cost redus, folosim membrana RO \u00eenf\u0103\u0219urat\u0103 \u00een spiral\u0103, \u00een general membrana RO DOW Filmtec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/7-Steps-of-Sea-Water-Desalination-Plant-Process-2.jpg\" alt=\"7 etape ale procesului de desalinizare a apei de mare\" class=\"wp-image-320\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/7-Steps-of-Sea-Water-Desalination-Plant-Process-2.jpg 960w, https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/7-Steps-of-Sea-Water-Desalination-Plant-Process-2-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/7-Steps-of-Sea-Water-Desalination-Plant-Process-2-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/7-Steps-of-Sea-Water-Desalination-Plant-Process-2-16x12.jpg 16w, https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/7-Steps-of-Sea-Water-Desalination-Plant-Process-2-600x450.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"5-chemical-dosing-system\"><strong>5. Sistem de dozare a substan\u021belor chimice<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/sistem-de-dozare-chimica-instalatie-de-desalinizare-a-apei-de-mare\/\">sistem de dozare a substan\u021belor chimice<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>este o parte foarte important\u0103 a \u00eentregului sistem de tratare a apei, incluz\u00e2nd dispozitivul de dozare a coagulantului \u0219i a bactericidului \u00een pretratare, dispozitivul de dozare a antiscalantului \u0219i a reductorului \u00eenainte de primul nivel RO \u0219i dozarea ajust\u0103rii pH-ului \u00eenainte de al doilea sistem RO. Fiecare dispozitiv de dozare const\u0103 dintr-un rezervor de substan\u021be chimice, o pomp\u0103 de dozare \u0219i conducte de dozare. Toate dispozitivele de dozare sunt bine proiectate \u0219i instalate central pentru o func\u021bionare, supraveghere, cur\u0103\u021bare \u0219i \u00eentre\u021binere fiabile \u0219i u\u0219oare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"6-cip-cleaning-system\"><strong>6. Sistem de cur\u0103\u021bare CIP<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cu un design mai bun pentru pretratarea dispozitivului RO, nu este nevoie s\u0103 se cure\u021be frecvent elementul membranei. Cu toate acestea, indiferent de perfec\u021biunea proiectului de pretratare, \u00een procesul de func\u021bionare pe termen lung se vor forma diverse tipuri de poluan\u021bi la suprafa\u021ba membranei \u00eentr-o anumit\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103, care vor degrada performan\u021ba membranei \u0219i vor cre\u0219te diferen\u021ba de presiune dintre intrare \u0219i ie\u0219ire. Prin urmare, cu excep\u021bia sp\u0103l\u0103rii la presiune sc\u0103zut\u0103, este necesar s\u0103 se elimine murd\u0103ria de la suprafa\u021ba membranei RO prin cur\u0103\u021bare chimic\u0103 periodic\u0103, precum \u0219i prin dezinfec\u021bie. Dispozitivul de cur\u0103\u021bare const\u0103 dintr-un rezervor de cur\u0103\u021bare, o pomp\u0103 de cur\u0103\u021bare \u0219i cur\u0103\u021barea filtrului. Iat\u0103 procesul&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/how-to-clean-seawater-reverse-osmosis-system\/\">Cum s\u0103 cur\u0103\u021ba\u021bi sistemul de osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103 cu ap\u0103 de mare.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"7-plc-controlling-system\"><strong>7. Sistem de control PLC<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Utilizeaz\u0103 un software integrat de testare a performan\u021bei pentru a efectua un control PLC industrial inovator, care asigur\u0103 monitorizarea online de la distan\u021b\u0103 a contoarelor de proces \u0219i a performan\u021bei sistemului \u0219i permite notificarea de la distan\u021b\u0103 a utilizatorilor cu privire la defec\u021biunile sistemului \u0219i solicitarea de \u00eentre\u021binere \u00een detaliu. Sistemul KYsearo are o func\u021bie de schimbare automat\u0103 a ma\u0219inii cu un singur clic pentru o operare u\u0219oar\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/PLC-system-of-desalination-plant.jpg\" alt=\"Sistemul PLC al instala\u021biei de desalinizare\" class=\"wp-image-4787\"\/><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O instala\u021bie de desalinizare a apei de mare transform\u0103 apa de mare \u00een ap\u0103 dulce prin sisteme de captare, pretratare, osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103 \u0219i post-tratare. Acest articol explic\u0103 principalele componente ale unei instala\u021bii SWRO \u0219i modul \u00een care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 fiecare sistem.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":321,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[264,253,145,169,265,263],"class_list":["post-319","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-desalination-technology","tag-desalination-process","tag-kysearo","tag-reverse-osmosis-desalination","tag-seawater-desalination-plant","tag-seawater-pretreatment","tag-swro-system"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/319","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=319"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/319\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":323,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/319\/revisions\/323"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=319"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=319"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=319"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}