{"id":379,"date":"2026-05-15T02:03:44","date_gmt":"2026-05-15T02:03:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/?p=379"},"modified":"2026-05-15T02:53:54","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T02:53:54","slug":"how-seawater-desalination-can-be-widely-used-by-the-world","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/how-seawater-desalination-can-be-widely-used-by-the-world\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf nhanh ch\u00f3ng sau Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. V\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau, th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c (RO)<\/strong><\/a>, th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u thu\u1eadn (FO), \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea9m (ED), bay h\u01a1i \u0111a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (MSF), ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t \u0111a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng (MED), bay h\u01a1i \u0111a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (MSF), ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t m\u00e0ng (MD) v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ion (IX). Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea li\u00ean quan, hi\u1ec7n nay, th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c (RO) chi\u1ebfm 60,1% th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 bay h\u01a1i \u0111a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (MSF) chi\u1ebfm 26,81% th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IDA), t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2013, tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 17.000 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 150 qu\u1ed1c gia. H\u01a1n 300 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, \u0111ang ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"L\u00e0m<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, th\u00e0nh t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty M\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt. N\u0103m 2008, trang web Forbes c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty t\u1ea1i San Antonio, California \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 0,46 USD\/t\u1ea5n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y chi ph\u00ed kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n l\u00ean cao. T\u1edd \u201cWall Street Journal\u201d c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 2007 cho bi\u1ebft, c\u00f4ng ty Poseidon Resources c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 190.000 t\u1ea5n\/ng\u00e0y t\u1ea1i Carlsbad, San Diego, California, v\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c quan, d\u01b0\u1edbi 0,4 USD\/t\u1ea5n, nh\u01b0ng trong \u0111\u1ee3t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i n\u0103m 2012, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i l\u00ean 0,81 USD\/t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 d\u00e0nh cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ee9c. Nh\u1edd c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n quang \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0 th\u1eeba t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y cho nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n cao h\u01a1n. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n quang \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i<\/strong> <\/a>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng chi ph\u00ed kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt t\u1eeb v\u00f2i. V\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n quang \u0111i\u1ec7n, n\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i khan hi\u1ebfm, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p li\u00ean quan. V\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb sau Chi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 Hai, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 bay h\u01a1i \u0111a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t cho t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1edd ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":380,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[393,307,391,154,176,392],"class_list":["post-379","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-desalination-technology","tag-desalination-subsidies","tag-desalination-technology","tag-msf-desalination","tag-reverse-osmosis","tag-seawater-desalination","tag-water-scarcity"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/379","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=379"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/379\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":422,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/379\/revisions\/422"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/380"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=379"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=379"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=379"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}