{"id":447,"date":"2026-05-15T03:13:14","date_gmt":"2026-05-15T03:13:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/?p=447"},"modified":"2026-05-15T03:13:15","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T03:13:15","slug":"10-facts-and-future-prospects-for-seawater-desalination-plant","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/10-facts-and-future-prospects-for-seawater-desalination-plant\/","title":{"rendered":"10 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang t\u0103ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 1,51 t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ngu\u1ed3n cung 401 t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n.\u00a0Kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/a>, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 10 th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u00e0m r\u00f5 vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1\u00a0c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n<\/a>s<\/strong>\u00a0c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"10<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1. T\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u01a1n 99,61% mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0ng b\u00e1n th\u1ea5m (nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c) ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00e1ch pha (nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1ecdc). L\u1ea5y th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t 1,5\u20136 MPa, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n \u0111i qua m\u1ed9t m\u00e0ng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn 0,0001 micron, n\u01a1i mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 90%. Theo th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 T\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng N\u01b0\u1edbc Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IDA), c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1t 120 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a 24 tri\u1ec7u b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng: <\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n Jubail t\u1ea1i \u1ea2 R\u1eadp X\u00ea \u00dat s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bay h\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 1 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, chi\u1ebfm 30% t\u1ed5ng ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c Carlsbad t\u1ea1i bang California, Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 3,2 kWh\/t\u1ea5n nh\u1edd t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2000.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \"Nh\u00e0<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    2. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 IV tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt. V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVI, H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Anh \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean t\u00e0u, trong khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (multi-stage flash) v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950. Ng\u00e0y nay, vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c Sorek \u1edf Israel s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc l\u00ean 5 n\u0103m \u2013 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    K\u1ef3<\/th>Lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/th>Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (kWh\/t\u1ea5n)<\/th>Gi\u00e1 (USD\/t\u1ea5n)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1950<\/td>B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb flash nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng<\/td>25-35<\/td>8-10<\/td><\/tr>
    th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 2000<\/td>Th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/td>4-6<\/td>1.5-2.5<\/td><\/tr>
    th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 2020<\/td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng minh + n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/td>2.8-3.5<\/td>0.8-1.2<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"H\u1ec7<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"H\u1ed9i<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    3. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia sa m\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ven bi\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Hi\u1ec7n nay, h\u01a1n 150 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng 16.000 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i. Khu v\u1ef1c Trung \u0110\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfm 42% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea2 R\u1eadp X\u00ea \u00dat, C\u00e1c Ti\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c \u1ea2 R\u1eadp Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 Qatar ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng h\u01a1n 50% nhu c\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai v\u1edbi 18% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bang ven bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 California v\u00e0 Florida s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00e1p l\u1ef1c do h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n. Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 12%, trong \u0111\u00f3 Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n Qingdao Baifa s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 100.000 t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng 15% nhu c\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Qingdao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn <\/strong>:. Theo \u201cB\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2024\u201d c\u1ee7a International Water Knowledge, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t 32 t\u1ef7 USD v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean 50 t\u1ef7 USD v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9p h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 7,81%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    4. C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kinh t\u1ebf - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i:.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n\u00a0<\/strong>: Dubai, C\u00e1c Ti\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c \u1ea2 R\u1eadp Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng 90% nhu c\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i, v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • T\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u00a0<\/strong>: Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Canary thu\u1ed9c T\u00e2y Ban Nha s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao nh\u01b0 chu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e0 chua, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m 30% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc so v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao c\u1ea5p\u00a0<\/strong>: Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t wafer c\u1ee7a Samsung Electronics t\u1ea1i H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i si\u00eau tinh khi\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n <0,1 \u03bcS\/cm, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1eaft khe trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chip.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1ee5 \u00e1n<\/strong>:
      D\u1ef1 \u00e1n NEWater c\u1ee7a Singapore k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng 30% nhu c\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t 55% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2060 (ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: \u1ee6y ban D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 C\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng Singapore \u2013 PUB).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      5. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      C\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o 2 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i\u00a0<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra 1,5\u20132 t\u1ea5n n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1i t\u1eeb 3,5\u201371\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\u202f\ufffd\ufffd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\u00a0<\/strong>: Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 25 kWh \u0111i\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5n n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u2013 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi Ouarzazate \u1edf Maroc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 8 kWh cho m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5n n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        D\u1eef li\u1ec7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u <\/strong>:. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u0103m 2023 c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p Qu\u1ed1c (UNEP) cho bi\u1ebft, n\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m 781 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m 120 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n kh\u00ed carbon dioxide m\u1ed7i n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        6. 3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • M\u00e0ng composite nano\u00a0<\/strong>: C\u00f4ng ty Dow Chemical t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng composite polyamide c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1t 99,81% v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng 201%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u thu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i\u00a0<\/strong>: C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n qua m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 xu\u1ed1ng 30% so v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i Perth \u1edf \u00dac.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3n sao k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1\u00a0<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 Veolia \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng k\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i Shuqaiq \u1edf \u1ea2 R\u1eadp X\u00ea \u00dat, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb xu\u1ed1ng 40%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          7. Gi\u00e1 gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p l\u00fd xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          Trong hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua, chi ph\u00ed kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n 60% so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. N\u0103m 2000, gi\u00e1 m\u1ed7i l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 1,25 \u0111\u00f4 la, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2024, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 0,80\u20131,20 \u0111\u00f4 la, th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n chi ph\u00ed khai th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed bao g\u1ed3m:.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng (t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb $800\/m\u00b2 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2000 xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n $200\/m\u00b2).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • N\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5n n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 6 kWh xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 3 kWh).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u00f4ng-t\u01b0 (PPP) (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: bang California, Hoa K\u1ef3, c\u1ea5p tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p 1,40,3 USD cho m\u1ed7i m\u00e9t kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng <\/strong>:. Theo B\u00e1o c\u00e1o C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean N\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2024 c\u1ee7a McKinsey, khi chi ph\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi $1 m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c khan hi\u1ebfm n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua 80% so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            8. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu: \u1ee8ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ef1c \u0111oan<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

            Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t:.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n\u00a0<\/strong>: N\u0103m 2023, T\u00e2y Ban Nha h\u1ee9ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ee3t h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, nh\u01b0ng 17 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh 1,2 tri\u1ec7u m\u00e9t kh\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 Barcelona.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng\u00a0<\/strong>: Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i Maasvlakte t\u1ea1i Rotterdam, H\u00e0 Lan, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao +5 m\u00e9t, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee3t n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2ng do b\u00e3o c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t 100 n\u0103m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp <\/strong>:. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u0103m 2022 trong Thay \u0111\u1ed5i Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean <\/em>\u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050, 470 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc do c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              9. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c An ninh N\u01b0\u1edbc: R\u00e0o c\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 An to\u00e0n v\u00e0 An ninh T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

              Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 an ninh ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c gia:.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              • Israel\u00a0<\/strong>: Th\u00f4ng qua k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u201cM\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi N\u01b0\u1edbc Qu\u1ed1c gia\u201d, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean 60%, gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u00f4ng Jordan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u00a0<\/strong>: \u201cChi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c 5 n\u0103m l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 14 v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n\u201d \u0111\u1ec1 ra m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2025, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t 2,9 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ven bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Hoa K\u1ef3\u00a0<\/strong>: C\u1ee5c B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 50.000 t\u1ea5n\/ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cho c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Guam v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng 100% nhu c\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc trong th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                10. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai: T\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo ba h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh:.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                1. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00a0<\/strong>: K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u1ed5i (nh\u01b0 \u201cRosatom\u201d c\u1ee7a Nga) v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u201c\u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n + n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt\u201d tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o xa x\u00f4i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                2. Th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u00a0<\/strong>: Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u201cch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t-k\u1ebft tinh b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\u201d c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Scripps (M\u1ef9), gi\u00fap chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 t\u1eeb mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                3. K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng minh\u00a0<\/strong>: \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 5G v\u00e0 IoT \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                  D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c <\/strong>:. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u0103m 2024 c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IEA) d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2040, nhu c\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t 300 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, trong \u0111\u00f3 30% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p then ch\u1ed1t cho t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh n\u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                  Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a an ninh ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. T\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng minh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u201cb\u1ec1n v\u1eefng + th\u00f4ng minh\u201d trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 di\u1ec5n ra ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Nh\u01b0 Sarah Cliffe, Ph\u00f3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch ki\u00eam Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean N\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: \u201cKh\u1eed m\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21.\u201d \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c ven bi\u1ec3n, vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0o quy ho\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an ninh v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  Kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cho an ninh ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y 10 th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 RO, c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":448,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[186,152,424,176,425,397],"class_list":["post-447","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-desalination-technology","tag-brine-discharge","tag-desalination-plant","tag-reverse-osmosis-technology","tag-seawater-desalination","tag-sustainable-desalination","tag-water-security"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/447","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=447"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/447\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":449,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/447\/revisions\/449"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/448"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=447"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=447"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=447"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}