{"id":453,"date":"2026-05-15T03:16:57","date_gmt":"2026-05-15T03:16:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/?p=453"},"modified":"2026-05-20T04:13:59","modified_gmt":"2026-05-20T04:13:59","slug":"what-are-the-challenges-for-seawater-reverse-osmosis-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/what-are-the-challenges-for-seawater-reverse-osmosis-system\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/a> th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia sa m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong><\/a> g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n cao v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y sinh. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u1ec7<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0ng b\u00e1n th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao. Tuy nhi\u00ean, quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng: Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. B\u01a1m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, chi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n 70% chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc. M\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t keo v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u0103ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. Vi khu\u1ea9n, vi tr\u00f9ng, t\u1ea3o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m l\u01a1 l\u1eedng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n<\/strong> <\/a>g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng sinh th\u00e1i, \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 do vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao. Sau khi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2013 c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao g\u1ea5p 1,3 \u0111\u1ebfn 1,7 l\u1ea7n \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ra bi\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c th\u1ee7y sinh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9, g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quang h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. C\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc (nh\u01b0 NaClO, FeCl\u2084, H\u2082SO\u2084, v.v.) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ra bi\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i, g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i th\u1ee7y sinh. M\u1ed9t lo ng\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed1n theo t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc, sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du, tr\u1ee9ng c\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u00fat v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c t\u1eed vong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n cao s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n cao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng sinh th\u00e1i th\u1ee7y sinh. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n cao \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n cao n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong ph\u1ea1m vi l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 4 km t\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i, c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ef1 xuy\u00ean th\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quang h\u1ee3p. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, do sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m cao v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1 con). M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 t\u1ea3o c\u00e1t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n cao, nh\u01b0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n x\u1ea3 ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ph\u1ea1m vi ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c \u2013 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 1,3 \u0111\u1ebfn 1,7 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u2013 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c th\u1ee7y sinh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. C\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng xu\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n qua chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. Vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thu h\u1ed3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thu h\u1ed3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t PX) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u1ed3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t thu h\u1ed3i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 94% v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u0169ng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Trong khi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea1m vi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1i \u01b0u th\u00f4ng qua th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb 10% \u0111\u1ebfn 15%. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu h\u1ed3i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc. N\u00f3i chung, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb 70% \u0111\u1ebfn 80% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eafc m\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1eafc m\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1eb7n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 (c\u00e1c c\u1eb7n c\u1ee9ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb Ca\u00b2\u207a, Mg\u00b2\u207a, Ba\u00b2\u207a, Sr\u00b2\u207a, CO\u2083\u00b2\u207b, SO\u2084\u00b2\u207b, v.v.), l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng h\u1ea1t keo (ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea7y, silica keo, oxit kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1) v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m vi sinh v\u1eadt. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n bao g\u1ed3m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5m, t\u0103ng m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u0103ng m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5m chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, trong khi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf mu\u1ed1i bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5m t\u0103ng cao. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n (FI), v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb FI <4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh th\u00e1i th\u1ee7y sinh c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, song n\u00f3 v\u1eabn g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng: N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ee9a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u vi sinh v\u1eadt, vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 t\u1ea3o, s\u1ef1 sinh s\u00f4i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ef1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng theo th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean cu\u1ed1n theo m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao v\u1ec1 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t t\u1ea3o: C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 clo l\u1ecfng, NaClO v\u00e0 CuSO\u2084 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t t\u1ea3o, tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh keo t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc: Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng keo v\u00e0 l\u01a1 l\u1eedng kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c. FeCl 4 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5 do nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3: kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u00f4ng keo l\u1edbn v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m trong nhanh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thu h\u1ed3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t (PE) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 tuabin n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (TURBO) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u1ed3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u01a1m cao \u00e1p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i kh\u00e1c. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 120 bar ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc \u201ck\u00eanh dung d\u1ecbch k\u00e9p\u201d m\u1edbi, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc th\u1ee9 hai n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i ra bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i th\u1ea3i qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u; c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 thu h\u1ed3i n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i th\u1ea3i; v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t k\u1ebft tinh \u0111a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1i t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i th\u1ea3i nh\u1eb1m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m mu\u1ed1i tinh khi\u1ebft cao. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n logic l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh (PLC), cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1eadp trung. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1eaft m\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/a> M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i<\/strong><\/a> ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh th\u00e1i th\u1ee7y sinh c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt cho c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4 c\u1eb1n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, quy tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng SWRO v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a, bao g\u1ed3m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thu h\u1ed3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":454,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[598],"tags":[186,433,226,432,184,431],"class_list":["post-453","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-reverse-osmosis-systems","tag-brine-discharge","tag-desalination-pretreatment","tag-energy-recovery-device","tag-membrane-fouling","tag-seawater-reverse-osmosis-system","tag-swro-challenges"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/453","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=453"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/453\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":455,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/453\/revisions\/455"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/454"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=453"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=453"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=453"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}