C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n- B\u01a1m h\u00fat ch\u00ecm<\/li>\n
- B\u01a1m c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n
- B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc c\u00e1t<\/li>\n
- B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc d\u1ea1ng \u1ed1ng 5 \u03bcm<\/li>\n
- B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc d\u1ea1ng h\u1ed9p m\u1ef1c 1 \u03bcm<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eb7n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n- B\u01a1m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao<\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed m\u00e0ng<\/li>\n
- B\u00ecnh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c<\/li>\n
- M\u00e1y kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng tia UV<\/li>\n
- B\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt, dung t\u00edch 2000 l\u00edt, l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng PE\/PP do kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng cung c\u1ea5p<\/li>\n
- T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/li>\n
- \u1ed0ng d\u1eabn, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 van<\/li>\n
- Khung th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c khung ph\u1ee7 th\u00e9p carbon<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi 40 kW<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h2>\nKYsearo t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u00f4ng ty ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e0u bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u00edch h\u1ee3p d\u1ea1ng container m\u00f4-\u0111un v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u00e0ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i \u226599,51% v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m 30% m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn CE, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh sang c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 Malaysia v\u00e0 Philippines, v.v.<\/p>\n
Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p trong v\u00f2ng 72 gi\u1edd. T\u1eeb kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec sau l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m 70% chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n 40% hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u1ea3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n![\"h\u1ec7](\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/seawater-reverse-osmosis-system-1.jpg\" "\\"h\u1ec7")
<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\nC\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\nPh\u1ea1m vi n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m quy m\u00f4, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p) v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Ph\u1ea1m vi n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng: c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn c\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 (h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c MW) v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u gallon m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y; trong khi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ea7n \u00edt \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng h\u01a1n (t\u1eeb v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i tr\u0103m kW) v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb v\u00e0i tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn gallon m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf (5.000 m\u00b3\/ng\u00e0y).<\/p>\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i?<\/strong><\/h2>\nL\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 l\u1ecdc (MSF) v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc (RO, EDR). C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 RO chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 69% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. RO\/EDR th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3 (30 g\/l\u00edt). C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t (MSF, MED) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m, th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n
H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng RO th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u00edt \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf (2,5\u20133,5 kWh\/m\u00b2 so v\u1edbi ~13 kWh). Chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 30% t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed. Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 (CAPEX) c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch: c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cao h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 1,53 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng RO. Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 (CAPEX) cho MSF l\u00e0 ~ 2 tri\u1ec7u USD\/MLD, MEDICATION 1,5 tri\u1ec7u USD, RO 1,3 tri\u1ec7u USD. Chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh (OPEX) kh\u00e1c nhau: nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i cao h\u01a1n (\u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t), RO c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh cao h\u01a1n (lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec). RO d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn\/t\u00edch c\u1eb7n h\u01a1n; nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3 r\u1ea5t m\u1eb7n. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o ra n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c. C\u00e1c m\u00e0ng nano m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u1ea3 thi. RO t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5p (< 3,1 kWh\/m TWO). Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng RO hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1edd t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t. Nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i. RO th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra \u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. ED s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng cho n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3 (< 3000 mg\/L).<\/p>\n
Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h2>\nThi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p bi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh, h\u1eadu x\u1eed l\u00fd, b\u01a1m v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. T\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1edfi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc, ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd, kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 RO), h\u1eadu x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y SWRO hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p\/s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 thu h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n
B\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1eed l\u00fd:\u00a0<\/strong>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ecfi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4, v.v. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bao g\u1ed3m l\u1ecdc v\u1eadt l\u00fd, keo t\u1ee5 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng, ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng tia UV. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, DAF t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn, DMF\/MF\/UF v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc cartridge. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0ng v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh keo t\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn; qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh keo t\u1ee5 n\u1ed9i tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5 bao g\u1ed3m clorua s\u1eaft, sunfat nh\u00f4m nh\u1eb9, polyaluminium clorua. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 DAF t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. C\u00e1c polymer t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 g\u1ed1m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc cartridge v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eb7n.<\/p>\nThi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sau \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb:\u00a0<\/strong>N\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 pH, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd sau bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng tia UV \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u00f9i v\u1ecb v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit nh\u1eb9, gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec7m\/m\u1ec1m, c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t. Tr\u1ed9n n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m l\u1ee3 ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp CO2\/v\u00f4i\/canxit c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i kho\u00e1ng h\u00f3a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH\/\u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0103n m\u00f2n\/t\u1ea1o c\u1eb7n. Tr\u1ed9n n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n\/n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c (boron, clorua, natri). X\u1eed l\u00fd sau kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo ngu\u1ed3n; SWRO th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m t\u00e1i cacbonat h\u00f3a, v\u00f4i, l\u1ecdc l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH\/\u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec1m, ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf g\u1ec9 s\u00e9t v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng. BWRO bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH\/\u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec1m, ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng. B\u1ecf qua n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4\/\u0111\u00e3 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n an ninh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u00eam bao g\u1ed3m n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecf\/s\u1ef1 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed9n, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a CaCO3, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd sau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n![\"nh\u00e0](\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/portable-desalination-plant.jpg\")
<\/strong><\/h3>\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h2>\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh mua s\u1eafm v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed. B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn mua s\u1eafm xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf; vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn mua s\u1eafm l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Quy tr\u00ecnh tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u201ct\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eeb mua \u0111\u1ebfn thanh to\u00e1n\u201d: hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed, c\u1ea1nh tranh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, h\u00e0nh vi trung th\u1ef1c, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng\/an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u00ednh h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng, b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ea7u, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m\/ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm (ki\u1ec3u 20% -30%) l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n
H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 th\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i n\u00eau r\u00f5 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed. M\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m Veolia. C\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro trong chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y SWRO quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i DBB, BOO v\u00e0 BOT, v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e1c minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 k\u00e9p c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 b\u1ec1n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
B\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/h2>\nVi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u00e0n giao. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed bao g\u1ed3m giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed (ki\u1ec3m tra t\u0129nh\/ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3a li\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng, logic) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed (l\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, b\u01a1m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng RO). Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh bao g\u1ed3m n\u1ebfm th\u1eed, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, ki\u1ec3m tra, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng tay v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3\/v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, l\u1ecdc, UF, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng).<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong S\u1ed5 tay V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec (O&M). C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o, k\u00e8m theo c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c (pre-commissioning) ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c (commissioning). Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian quy \u0111\u1ecbnh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: hai gi\u1edd) v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t \u0111o t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ed7i 60 gi\u00e2y), tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 DIN 1942. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 MTC (BS-EN 10204 Ph\u1ea7n 3.1) l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao, van v\u00e0 b\u01a1m. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, ng\u1eaft kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, FAT, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. Nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra. M\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ho\u1eb7c c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau r\u00f5. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Crenger \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb 20 MLD quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong 7 ng\u00e0y sau khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong 72 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 m\u00e0ng RO v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CIP b\u1ed5 sung ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng SWRO kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 16 l\/h\/m\u00b2, c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng BWRO l\u00e0 34 l\/h\/m\u00b2. S\u1ed1 l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u trong m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh 8 inch l\u00e0 7; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00f3 c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 4 b\u00ecnh n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (POU), c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u01b0 NSF-International P231 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed nh\u01b0 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n T\u1ed5ng quan c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Hoa K\u1ef3 (US EPA) (1987), bao g\u1ed3m an to\u00e0n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ghi nh\u00e3n. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi khu\u1ea9n (6 log10), vi r\u00fat (4 log10) v\u00e0 k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean sinh (3 log10). C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u00f9y theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Hoa K\u1ef3 (EPA) khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ma tr\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cam k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh, v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu\/k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Kysearo s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n cao th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb m\u00e1y b\u01a1m, m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01a1n tru cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o, khu ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ven bi\u1ec3n \u1edf v\u00f9ng s\u00e2u v\u00f9ng xa.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":113,"template":"","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":""},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[590],"product_tag":[57,18,56],"class_list":["post-110","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-sea-water-reverse-osmosis-systems","product_tag-industrial-desalination-plant","product_tag-reverse-osmosis-water-treatment","product_tag-seawater-ro-system","first","instock","shipping-taxable","product-type-simple"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/113"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=110"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=110"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
- \n
- B\u01a1m h\u00fat ch\u00ecm<\/li>\n
- B\u01a1m c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n
- B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc c\u00e1t<\/li>\n
- B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc d\u1ea1ng \u1ed1ng 5 \u03bcm<\/li>\n
- B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc d\u1ea1ng h\u1ed9p m\u1ef1c 1 \u03bcm<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eb7n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- B\u01a1m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao<\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed m\u00e0ng<\/li>\n
- B\u00ecnh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c<\/li>\n
- M\u00e1y kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng tia UV<\/li>\n
- B\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt, dung t\u00edch 2000 l\u00edt, l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng PE\/PP do kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng cung c\u1ea5p<\/li>\n
- T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/li>\n
- \u1ed0ng d\u1eabn, ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 van<\/li>\n
- Khung th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c khung ph\u1ee7 th\u00e9p carbon<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi 40 kW<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h2>\n
KYsearo t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u00f4ng ty ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e0u bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u00edch h\u1ee3p d\u1ea1ng container m\u00f4-\u0111un v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un m\u00e0ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i \u226599,51% v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m 30% m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn CE, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh sang c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 Malaysia v\u00e0 Philippines, v.v.<\/p>\n
Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p trong v\u00f2ng 72 gi\u1edd. T\u1eeb kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec sau l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m 70% chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n 40% hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u1ea3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\nC\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Ph\u1ea1m vi n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m quy m\u00f4, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p) v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Ph\u1ea1m vi n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng: c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn c\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 (h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c MW) v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u gallon m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y; trong khi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ea7n \u00edt \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng h\u01a1n (t\u1eeb v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i tr\u0103m kW) v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb v\u00e0i tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn gallon m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf (5.000 m\u00b3\/ng\u00e0y).<\/p>\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 l\u1ecdc (MSF) v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc (RO, EDR). C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 RO chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 69% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. RO\/EDR th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3 (30 g\/l\u00edt). C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t (MSF, MED) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m, th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n
H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng RO th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u00edt \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf (2,5\u20133,5 kWh\/m\u00b2 so v\u1edbi ~13 kWh). Chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 30% t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed. Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 (CAPEX) c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch: c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cao h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 1,53 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng RO. Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 (CAPEX) cho MSF l\u00e0 ~ 2 tri\u1ec7u USD\/MLD, MEDICATION 1,5 tri\u1ec7u USD, RO 1,3 tri\u1ec7u USD. Chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh (OPEX) kh\u00e1c nhau: nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i cao h\u01a1n (\u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t), RO c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh cao h\u01a1n (lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec). RO d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn\/t\u00edch c\u1eb7n h\u01a1n; nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3 r\u1ea5t m\u1eb7n. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o ra n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c. C\u00e1c m\u00e0ng nano m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u1ea3 thi. RO t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5p (< 3,1 kWh\/m TWO). Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng RO hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1edd t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t. Nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i. RO th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra \u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. ED s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng cho n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3 (< 3000 mg\/L).<\/p>\n
Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p bi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh, h\u1eadu x\u1eed l\u00fd, b\u01a1m v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. T\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1edfi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc, ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd, kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 RO), h\u1eadu x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y SWRO hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p\/s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 thu h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n
B\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1eed l\u00fd:\u00a0<\/strong>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1ecfi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m c\u1eb7n v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn l\u01a1 l\u1eedng, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4, v.v. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bao g\u1ed3m l\u1ecdc v\u1eadt l\u00fd, keo t\u1ee5 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng, ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng tia UV. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, DAF t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn, DMF\/MF\/UF v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc cartridge. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0ng v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh keo t\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn; qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh keo t\u1ee5 n\u1ed9i tuy\u1ebfn gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5 bao g\u1ed3m clorua s\u1eaft, sunfat nh\u00f4m nh\u1eb9, polyaluminium clorua. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 DAF t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. C\u00e1c polymer t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 g\u1ed1m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc cartridge v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n
Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sau \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb:\u00a0<\/strong>N\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 pH, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd sau bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng tia UV \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u00f9i v\u1ecb v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit nh\u1eb9, gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec7m\/m\u1ec1m, c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t. Tr\u1ed9n n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m l\u1ee3 ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp CO2\/v\u00f4i\/canxit c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i kho\u00e1ng h\u00f3a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH\/\u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u0103n m\u00f2n\/t\u1ea1o c\u1eb7n. Tr\u1ed9n n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n\/n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c (boron, clorua, natri). X\u1eed l\u00fd sau kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo ngu\u1ed3n; SWRO th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m t\u00e1i cacbonat h\u00f3a, v\u00f4i, l\u1ecdc l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH\/\u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec1m, ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf g\u1ec9 s\u00e9t v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng. BWRO bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH\/\u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec1m, ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng. B\u1ecf qua n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4\/\u0111\u00e3 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n an ninh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u00eam bao g\u1ed3m n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecf\/s\u1ef1 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed9n, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a CaCO3, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd sau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n
<\/strong><\/h3>\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh mua s\u1eafm v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed. B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn mua s\u1eafm xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf; vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn mua s\u1eafm l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Quy tr\u00ecnh tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u201ct\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eeb mua \u0111\u1ebfn thanh to\u00e1n\u201d: hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed, c\u1ea1nh tranh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, h\u00e0nh vi trung th\u1ef1c, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng\/an to\u00e0n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u00ednh h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng, b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ea7u, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m\/ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm (ki\u1ec3u 20% -30%) l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n
H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 th\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i n\u00eau r\u00f5 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed. M\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1 to\u00e1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m Veolia. C\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro trong chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y SWRO quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i DBB, BOO v\u00e0 BOT, v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e1c minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 k\u00e9p c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 b\u1ec1n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
B\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u00e0n giao. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed bao g\u1ed3m giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed (ki\u1ec3m tra t\u0129nh\/ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3a li\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng, logic) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed (l\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, b\u01a1m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng RO). Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh bao g\u1ed3m n\u1ebfm th\u1eed, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, ki\u1ec3m tra, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng tay v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3\/v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, l\u1ecdc, UF, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng).<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong S\u1ed5 tay V\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec (O&M). C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o, k\u00e8m theo c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c (pre-commissioning) ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c (commissioning). Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian quy \u0111\u1ecbnh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: hai gi\u1edd) v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t \u0111o t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ed7i 60 gi\u00e2y), tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 DIN 1942. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 MTC (BS-EN 10204 Ph\u1ea7n 3.1) l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao, van v\u00e0 b\u01a1m. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, ng\u1eaft kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, FAT, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. Nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra. M\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ho\u1eb7c c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau r\u00f5. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Crenger \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb 20 MLD quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong 7 ng\u00e0y sau khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong 72 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 m\u00e0ng RO v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CIP b\u1ed5 sung ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng SWRO kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 16 l\/h\/m\u00b2, c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng BWRO l\u00e0 34 l\/h\/m\u00b2. S\u1ed1 l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u trong m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh 8 inch l\u00e0 7; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00f3 c\u1ed5ng b\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 4 b\u00ecnh n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (POU), c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u01b0 NSF-International P231 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed nh\u01b0 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n T\u1ed5ng quan c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Hoa K\u1ef3 (US EPA) (1987), bao g\u1ed3m an to\u00e0n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ghi nh\u00e3n. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi khu\u1ea9n (6 log10), vi r\u00fat (4 log10) v\u00e0 k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean sinh (3 log10). C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u00f9y theo c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a C\u01a1 quan B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Hoa K\u1ef3 (EPA) khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ma tr\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cam k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh, v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu\/k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Kysearo s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n cao th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb m\u00e1y b\u01a1m, m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01a1n tru cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o, khu ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ven bi\u1ec3n \u1edf v\u00f9ng s\u00e2u v\u00f9ng xa.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":113,"template":"","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":""},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[590],"product_tag":[57,18,56],"class_list":["post-110","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-sea-water-reverse-osmosis-systems","product_tag-industrial-desalination-plant","product_tag-reverse-osmosis-water-treatment","product_tag-seawater-ro-system","first","instock","shipping-taxable","product-type-simple"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/113"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=110"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=110"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}