Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed m\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ra sao?<\/strong><\/h2>\n1. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9<\/strong><\/p>\nH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc (l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i) ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc (l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n do gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng va ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n tr\u00f4i).<\/p>\n
N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n th\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t sinh h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n sau. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecdc r\u00e1c l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc r\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ee3p l\u00fd s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00e0ng th\u00f4 (20\u2013150 mm) v\u00e0 s\u00e0ng m\u1ecbn (1\u201310 mm), ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecdc tinh (0,01\u20130,2 micron \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, 0,25\u20130,9 mm \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1t). C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng va \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n tr\u00f4i (I&E) \u2013 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sinh th\u00e1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng g\u00e2y ra t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong cao \u1edf sinh v\u1eadt. L\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ecbn (0,5-5 mm) l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed1n tr\u00f4i; c\u00e1c m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh Ristroph gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t khi va ch\u1ea1m. C\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh d\u00e2y n\u00eam d\u1ec5 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u0169ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m I&E. C\u00e1c m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn\/sinh v\u1eadt, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u1ec7 sinh l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh tr\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng do hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p. N\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cat\u1ed1t b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 316L\/Duplex\/Super Duplex v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim titan.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/seawater-high-pressure-pump.jpg\")
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Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh keo t\u1ee5, t\u1ea1o b\u00f4ng (t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n), ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 clo).<\/p>\n
Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh si\u00eau l\u1ecdc (UF) v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (MMF\/DMF) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng SWRO. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 UF s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7 0,02 \u00b5m, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn, vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao (SDI15 < 3, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c 3, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c ~ 0,33 NTU). UF y\u00eau c\u1ea7u di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u1eafng\/ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u1ecdt cho MMF. UF s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh; MMF\/DMF c\u0169ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. UF cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u01a1n, trong khi MMF g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p. UF c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m\/lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh keo t\u1ee5\/kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng clo, gi\u1ea3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u00f9n th\u1ea3i. MMF c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cao. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 T\u00e1ch n\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed h\u00f2a tan (DAF) v\u1edbi UF ho\u1eb7c MMF gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea3o\/ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1. DAF k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi UF g\u1ed1m r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. UF g\u1ed1m mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch (gi\u1ea3m ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, an to\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t) nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 v\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Reverse-Osmosis-RO-Desalination-Process.jpg\" "\\"Quy")
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2. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i<\/strong><\/h3>\nPh\u1ea7n n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch mu\u1ed1i kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc: L\u1ecdc th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c (RO), Ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (MSF) v\u00e0 Ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t \u0111a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng (MEDICATION).<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c (SWRO)<\/strong>
\nSWRO l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p qua m\u00e0ng b\u00e1n th\u1ea5m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n- B\u01a1m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao (HPP):\u00a0<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 60-80% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. Ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cho n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u. B\u01a1m piston tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 b\u01a1m bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111a chu\u1ed7i gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 Duplex\/Super Duplex v\u00e0 titan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. \u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng (MTBF > 20.000 gi\u1edd). C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh N+1 cung c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng. B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh b\u1eb1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (ERDs):\u00a0<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng cao b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thu h\u1ed3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i. Chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebfm 30-50% t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t (ERDs) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n (60-80%) l\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb3ng \u00e1p (>90%). C\u00e1c bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t 95-97%. B\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t (PX) cung c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/\u00e1p su\u1ea5t. ERD l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 SEC.<\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0ng:\u00a0<\/strong>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u00e1ch l\u00f5i (cu\u1ed9n xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c\/s\u1ee3i r\u1ed7ng) trong b\u00ecnh ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p l\u1ef1c. Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 2-5 n\u0103m, b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n, ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc (clo) v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n bao g\u1ed3m b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n sinh h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eb7n v\u00e0 b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n h\u1eefu c\u01a1. TDS cao, clo, mu\u1ed1i, ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 pH kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf khi b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i (\u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5m t\u0103ng, l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3m). X\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t\/clo. SDI cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00e1m b\u1ea9n. D\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed\/th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed. pH l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng mang l\u1ea1i t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed. Theo d\u00f5i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u thay th\u1ebf. Vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf theo t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3t gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 chi ph\u00ed. B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch. C\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng m\u1edbi ra \u0111\u1eddi mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n
- B\u00ecnh \u00e1p l\u1ef1c:\u00a0<\/strong>C\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng bao ph\u1ee7, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng FRP ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9.<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao:\u00a0<\/strong>Ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0103n m\u00f2n. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m: th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, nh\u1ef1a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t Multi-Stage Flash (MSF)<\/strong><\/h4>\nMSF l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t bi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n n\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc theo t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u00ednh: Bu\u1ed3ng s\u1ee5c kh\u00ed (t\u1ea1o h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc), B\u1ed9 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t (b\u00ecnh gia nhi\u1ec7t n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i, b\u00ecnh ng\u01b0ng), H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u01a1m h\u00fat\/h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng (duy tr\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p), L\u1ed7 ti\u1ebft l\u01b0u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng (\u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i).<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc \u0111a t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng (MEDICATION)<\/strong><\/h4>\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gia nhi\u1ec7t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eb7ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 \u1edf m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u00ednh: Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb bay h\u01a1i (t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng), Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5, B\u01a1m, H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/msf.jpg\")
<\/h3>\n3. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn x\u1eed l\u00fd sau v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m<\/strong><\/h3>\nN\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i tuy tinh khi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd sau gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch u\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n
\n- Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1eed kh\u00ed:\u00a0<\/strong>Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c kh\u00ed h\u00f2a tan nh\u01b0 carbon dioxide, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e1i kho\u00e1ng h\u00f3a:\u00a0<\/strong>B\u1ed5 sung kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t (canxi, magi\u00ea) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng\/\u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec1m, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh \u0103n m\u00f2n, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb\/l\u1ee3i \u00edch s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p: b\u1ed5 sung h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (v\u00f4i, canxit, v.v.), pha tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngu\u1ed3n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch (n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c axit h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng CO\u2082 s\u1ebd h\u00f2a tan \u0111\u00e1 tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch). C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i: pH, \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec1m, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, canxi, magi\u00ea, LSI\/CSI. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Chi ph\u00ed bao g\u1ed3m CAPEX (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb) v\u00e0 OPEX (h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, \u0111i\u1ec7n, x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u00f9n).<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng:\u00a0<\/strong>Ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi sinh v\u1eadt. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p: kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng clo (hypochlorite natri, kh\u00ed clo), chi\u1ebfu tia UV.<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh pH:\u00a0<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 pH b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 x\u00fat ho\u1eb7c axit sunfuric.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
![\"sau](\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/post-treatment.jpg\")
<\/h3>\n4. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a<\/strong><\/h3>\nC\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, uy t\u00edn v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n nh\u1edd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n
\n- Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng:\u00a0<\/strong>C\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn\/thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111o l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, pH, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn IoT thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n logic (PLC, DCS):\u00a0<\/strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n (DCS) bao g\u1ed3m giao di\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng: ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, thu th\u1eadp\/l\u01b0u tr\u1eef\/b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u00f4ng tin, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
![\"PLC\"](\"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/PLC.jpg\")
<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
\n
C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/h3>\nVi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/p>\n
\n- K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:\u00a0<\/strong>Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p (\u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n, ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m), c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y (h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng RO quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn), y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, c\u00f9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t (h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng RO cho n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o).<\/li>\n
- Kinh t\u1ebf:\u00a0<\/strong>Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 (m\u00e1y bay h\u01a1i nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed cao), chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh (chi ph\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n cho c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 RO cao), l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n (c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u1edd t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i), \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p (chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 RO), chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, v\u00e0 Chi ph\u00ed b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc (LCOW) (d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 RO c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t).<\/li>\n
- M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng:\u00a0<\/strong>T\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3 th\u1ea3i (t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o), c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lai k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 RO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o cao nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Nh\u1eefng suy ng\u1eabm cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/strong><\/h3>\nQu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi an ninh ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c (RO) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 RO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng nh\u1edd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao v\u00e0 t\u00ednh m\u00f4-\u0111un, trong khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eb7n cao ho\u1eb7c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i. Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (ERD) v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o:<\/p>\n
\n- C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i:\u00a0<\/strong>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p FO, MD v\u00e0 CDI cho th\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n
- V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nano:\u00a0<\/strong>N\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n
- K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o:\u00a0<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, gi\u00f3, v.v. l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u01b0u ti\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lai:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1eb1m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n
- T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i:\u00a0<\/strong>T\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n MLD\/ZLD.<\/li>\n
- Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0<\/strong>Gi\u1ea3m SEC nh\u1edd c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n
- Khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m:\u00a0<\/strong>C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n
- H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phi t\u1eadp trung:\u00a0<\/strong>Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf cho c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh.<\/li>\n
- C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng minh:\u00a0<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c (SWRO) Kysearo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u1eed mu\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf mu\u1ed1i, kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb m\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, m\u00e1y b\u01a1m v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ven bi\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o, t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng 24\/7.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":198,"template":"","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":""},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[590],"product_tag":[18,56,112],"class_list":["post-193","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-sea-water-reverse-osmosis-systems","product_tag-reverse-osmosis-water-treatment","product_tag-seawater-ro-system","product_tag-swro-desalination-plant","first","instock","shipping-taxable","product-type-simple"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/193","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=193"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=193"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=193"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kysearo.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=193"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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<\/strong><\/h2>\n