7 pasos del proceso de la planta desalinizadora de agua de mar

El proceso de la planta desalinizadora de agua de mar consiste en convertir el agua de mar en agua dulce. En primer lugar, el agua de mar (agua bruta) se suministra mediante una bomba de admisión y se envía a planta desalinizadora. El agua bruta se somete a un tratamiento previo antes de entrar en el sistema SWRO, ya que el agua de mar contiene muchas impurezas y cumple los requisitos del agua de alimentación de ósmosis inversa.

Planta desalinizadora de agua salada se compone básicamente de los siguientes sistemas, incluyendo el sistema de admisión, sistema de pre-tratamiento, sistema de desalinización de agua de mar por ósmosis inversa, dispositivo de recuperación de energía, sistema de dosificación de productos químicos, sistema de limpieza in situ (CIP) y sistema de control PLC. Aquí vamos a revisar cada sistema en detalle, ¡esperamos que pueda obtener lo que desea de este artículo!

1. Sistema de toma de agua de mar

This seawater intake system is to deliver sea water into desalination unit. There are different kinds of intake methods based on hydrology water quality in the intake area, geology conditions, meteorological data and natural disaster, such as Beach Well Intake, Subsurface Water Intake, and Open Sea Water Intake, etc.

2. Sistema de pretratamiento

Inorganic suspended solids, sand, oil, clays, bacteria, and dissolved organic matters are susceptible to foul the reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. Required to conduct a good-quality pre-treatment process plays an important role in the operation of a seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plant, in order to prevent the fouling of RO membrane. KYsearo seawater desalination plants usually adopt these pre-filters, including multi-media filter, activated filter, 10um and 5um precision security filters. Please check How Multi Medium Filter Works in Desalination Systems.

The multimedia filter and activated carbon filter filled with refined quartz sand and cocoa-nut activated carbon respectively is to remove suspended solids, colloid particles, residual chlorine, microorganism, odor and other particles in raw water. The coagulant is added by dosing pump before raw water entering into the multimedia filter. Then flocculus formed by coagulant and colloids is removed through the filter, meeting the requirements on RO feed water.
To prevent the particles in raw water and pipes from entering into HP pump and RO module, two security filters are selected one after another as RO pre-treatment. The precision of 2 sets of filters is 5?m and 1?m respectively. Under normal working conditions, filter elements should be changed in time when the pressure difference between inlet and outlet of the filter is above 1 bar. Filter structure can allow changing filter element rapidly.

3. Sistema de ósmosis inversa para desalinización de agua de mar

RO system uses the semi-permeable membrane to remove organic material, colloidal particles, a bacterium from the feed water, producing desalinated fresh water. The semi-permeable membrane separates water and salt solution, water would permeate for the salt solution side under the osmotic pressure. If certain pressure larger than osmotic pressure is applied to the salt solution, water would permeate in the opposite direction. This phenomenon is called reverse osmosis. RO permeate is purified, removing 98% TDS from the feed water. RO brine is concentrated with TDS about two times of the feed water.

unidad de desalinización

4. Sistema de recuperación de energía

The function of Energy recovery device is to reduce energy consumption and cost by recycling and reusing the pressure energy from RO system high pressure concentrated seawater. Energy Recovery Device (ERD) is the key to energy-saving in the operation of any seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination products, in which PX Pressure Exchanger device is the most efficient solution available today and can reduce the energy consumption of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) systems by up to 60 percent.

Kysearo designs high-performance seawater desalination plant for 20 T/D ~320 T/D. It’s our main line of business manufacturing for end-use or foreign agents. This scale tons don’t need too much electrical power. To save cost for customers, KYsearo’s engineer designs the process chart without energy recovery devices. Taking it would be more convenient change and low cost into account, we use spiral wound RO membrane, Generally DOW Filmtec RO membrane.

5. Sistema de dosificación de productos químicos

The chemical dosing system is a very important part of the whole water treatment system, including the coagulant and bactericide dosing device in the pretreatment, anti-scalant and reductant dosing device before the 1st level RO, and the pH adjustment dosing before 2nd RO system. Each dosing device consists of a chemical tank, a dosing pump and dosing pipes. All dosing devices are well designed and centrally installed for reliable and easy operation, supervision, cleaning and maintenance.

6. Sistema de limpieza CIP

With the better design for pre-treatment of RO device, it is no need to frequently clean membrane element. However, no matter how perfect the pre-treatment design is, there will be various kinds of pollutants forming at the surface of the membrane to some extent in long-term operation process, which degrade membrane performance and raise the pressure difference between inlet and outlet. Therefore, except for the low-pressure flushing, it is requested to remove the dirt at the surface of RO membrane by chemical cleaning regularly, as well as disinfection. Cleaning device consists of a cleaning tank, cleaning pump, and cleaning the filter. Here is the process How to Clean Seawater Reverse Osmosis System.

7. Sistema de control PLC

Utilize integrated performance-testing software to conduct innovative industrial PLC control, which ensures to conduct online remote monitoring for process meters and system performance and enables to remote notify users of system faults and maintenance request in details. KYsearo system has one-click automatic switch machine function for easy-operating.