Fasilitas pengambilan air laut pada dasarnya diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga jenis, termasuk pengambilan sumur pantai, pengambilan air bawah permukaan, dan pengambilan air laut terbuka. Artikel ini akan membahas pilihan teknologi asupan air laut yang tersedia untuk pabrik desalinasidan akan meninjau teknologi yang digunakan untuk menyediakan kuantitas air laut yang dapat diandalkan dengan kualitas terbaik yang tersedia.

1. Asupan Sumur Pantai

Beach well intake means that seawater out from intake well constructed as close to the coastline as possible is filtered by seabed as the water source of desalination plant. This kind of seawater is especially attracted by seawater desalination reverse osmosis plant with the advantages of low turbidity and good quality due to particles in sea water are trapped from natural filtration. Seawater desalination intake project is the vital part of desalination plant, which is to ensure that sufficient, consistent and reliable feed water can be delivered for seawater desalination plant within the entire lifetime. The intake facilities and construction of intake structure both have important impact on seawater desalination plant investment, production cost, system operation stably and ecological environment. Investment of seawater desalination, scale of construction, and process for water quality requirements should be taken into consideration while developing intake projects. At the same time, water intake and its facilities are selected based on hydrology water quality in intake area, geology conditions, meteorological data and natural disaster.

2. Subsurface Water Intake

The deep seawater of open ocean is delivered to the shore-side through building intake pipes and then supplied to desalination project by pump plant constructed in the coastline, this is called” subsurface water intake”. Generally speaking, when sea level below 1~6m, intake water contains small fish, water grass, seaweed and other microorganism, thus water quality is not good. The content of these materials is 20 times reduction when intake level is above beneath sea level 35m, and water quality is good, which can greatly reduce the operating cost of the pre-treatment equipment. Meanwhile, water temperature in subsurface is lower, benefit to thermal seawater desalination process. This kind of intake is usually adopted on areas where seabed is quite precipitous, which is within 50 m from the coast and water depth up to 35 m.

3. Open Sea Water Intake

Open sea water intake is the most common intake project. Although its water quality not good, it is still widely adopted due to advantages of small investment, wide application range and full application experience.

Kesimpulan

Fasilitas asupan untuk seawater desalination project pada dasarnya diklasifikasikan ke dalam tiga jenis di atas, termasuk pengambilan sumur pantai, pengambilan air bawah permukaan dan pengambilan air laut terbuka. Air baku berkualitas baik dapat disalurkan melalui asupan sumur pantai, sehingga mengurangi investasi dan biaya pengoperasian peralatan pra-pengolahan, namun demikian, struktur geologi laut, kualitas air hidrologi, dan faktor ketidakstabilan kualitas air ketika beroperasi harus dipertimbangkan, dan dikonfirmasi setelah melakukan investigasi yang mendalam. Asupan air bawah permukaan mampu menghasilkan air yang cukup baik, tetapi jenis asupan ini mungkin kurang diadopsi karena investasi yang besar dan konstruksi yang rumit. Pengambilan air laut terbuka-semacam metode pengambilan yang lebih populer, dapat digunakan untuk berbagai proyek desalinasi air laut.

While designing seawater intake project, We should comprehensively take corrosion of metallic materials in seawater, sea creatures and the influence of tides into consideration.

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